Effect of Health Promotion Media on Behavior of Pregnant Women with CED in Kolaka

Abstract

Chronic Energy Deficiency (CED) is a nutritional problem in pregnant women caused by an imbalance in energy and protein intake. In 2023, the prevalence of CED was 11.7% in the coastal area of Wolo Public Health Center and 16.8% in the mining area of Iwoimendaa Public Health Center. One effort to reduce CED cases is the use of health promotion media such as leaflets and demonstrations. This study aimed to determine the effect of health promotion media on the behavior of pregnant women with CED. The research used a quantitative method with a pre-experimental design (one group pre-test post-test). The population consisted of 67 pregnant women with CED, and 40 were selected using proportional random sampling. Data were collected using questionnaires after the intervention with leaflets and demonstration methods. Data analysis was performed using McNemar, Chi-Square, and Fisher Exact tests. McNemar test showed that the use of leaflets significantly improved knowledge (p=0.002), attitude (p=0.016), and dietary patterns (p=0.031). The combination of leaflets and demonstrations significantly improved knowledge (p=0.000) and dietary patterns (p=0.002), but not attitude (p=0.31). Fisher Exact test showed no significant difference between leaflet and combined media on knowledge (p=0.66). Similarly, Chi-Square test showed no significant difference in attitude (p=0.731) and dietary pattern (p=0.320) between the two media. In conclusion, both leaflet and combined media interventions influenced the behavior of pregnant women with CED, with the combined method being more effective. It is recommended that health centers provide routine counseling, pregnant women seek regular check-ups and maintain balanced nutrition, and future research explore social media for sustainable e-counseling.